VERB
The verb is used to show action.
Kinds of Verb
The VERB is classified into two ways.
I 1. Principle Verb / Main Verb / Full Verb
2. Auxiliary Verb / Helping Verb
II 1. Finite Verb
2. Non – Finite Verb
1. Principle Verb / Lexical Verb / Main Verb / Full Verb
A verb which has a complete meaning in itself is called the Principle Verb / Lexical Verb / Main Verb / Full Verb.
e.g. :- go, sing, run, dance etc
It is divided into two parts
(a) Transitive Verb
(b) Intransitive Verb
Transitive Verb
A transitive verb is a verb that has or may have an object to complete the meaning of a sentence.
Transitive Verb is divided into three parts.
(i) Monotransitive Verb
(ii) Ditransitive Verb
(iii) Complex Transitive Verb
Monotransitive Verb
Monotransitive verb is a verb that needs only one object to complete the meaning of a sentence.
Ditransitive Verb
Ditransitive verb is a verb that needs two or more than two objects to complete the meaning of a sentence.
Complex Transitive Verb
Complex Transitive verb is a verb that needs an object and a complement to complete the meaning of a sentence.
(b) Intransitive Verb
An Intransitive verb is a verb that has not or may have not any object to complete the meaning of a sentence.
2. Auxiliary / Helping – Verb
Auxiliary verbs are the verbs which are used with a main verb to show Tense, Mood etc.
Auxiliary Verbs are devide into three parts.
(i) Primary Auxiliary
(ii) Modal Auxiliary
(iii) Marginal Modal Auxiliary
Primary Auxiliary Verb
Primary Auxiliary Verbs are the verbs that helps the main verb to form Tenses.
There are 11 Primary Auxiliary Verbs
To Be :- is / am / are / was / were
To Have :- Have / Has / Had
To Do :- Do / Does / Did
e.g. :- He is going to school.
Note :- When a single Primary Auxiliary verb is used in a sentence as a verb then it became a main verb.
e.g. :- He is a boy.
Modal Auxiliary Verb
Modal Auxiliary Verbs are the verbs that are used with another verb and change the meaning of other verb to something different from simple fact. They express permission, ability, possibility etc.
There are 10 Modal Auxiliary Verbs
Can / Could / May / Might / Should / Would / Shall / will / Must / Ought (to)
Use of modal auxiliary verbs
CAN :- Can is used to show ability, capacity, power, possibility, habit, nature and to respect and these days "CAN" is used to ask permission.
e.g. : - I can write ten pages in a day.
He can eat ten momos.
COULD :- Could is used to express capacity, ability and power in the past. It is also used to express possibility, uncertainty, to do polite request, to ask polite questions and to give permission.
e.g. :- If I had money, I could buy a tv.
MAY :- May is used to ask permission, to express possibility, wish, uncertainty and wonder. It is also used in the subordinate clause for purpose.
e.g. :- May I come in ?
We may pass.
MIGHT :- Might is used as the Past Tense form of "MAY". Sometimes it can be used to express more politeness than "may", it is also used to express purpose.
e.g. :- We might pass.
You might do me a favor.
MUST :- Must is used for compulsion, instruction, necessity, strong determination, certainty and for strong probability.
e.g. :- The students must apologise for their mistake.
We must read about out history.
SHALL :- In general "shall" is used in the "FUTURE TENSE" with first person singular and plural. It is also used with second person and third person for command, promise, threat and determination.
e.g. :- I shall to Patna.
Ram shall regret this. - Threat
WILL : - In general will is used in the "FUTURE TENSE" with second person and third person. It is also used with first person to express determination, promise, threat and willingness.
e.g. :- You will read this book.
We will not let them go. - Determination
SHOULD :- Should is used as the "PAST TENSE" form of " SHALL". It is also used to express moral duty, moral obligation, possibility, probability, to give advice, to give instruction etc.
e.g. :- You should always speak the truth. - Moral duty
Rohit should go there. - Advice
WOULD :- Would is used as the " PAST TENSE" form of "WILL". It is also used to express willingness, determination, probability, choices, preference, to do polite request, to do polite question, in unreal situation it is used in a clause used before or after a conditional clause etc.
e.g. :- The principal said that she would visit the class. - Willingness
Would to please give a glass of water ? - Polite request
OUGHT TO :- When we have to express more EMPHATIC moral obligation/value than should in a sentence we should use "OUGHT TO". It is also used to express necessity, fitness, advice and some it can be used to express possibility.
e.g. :- We ought to help the poor.
She ought to buy a car
Marginal Modal Auxiliary / Semi Modal Auxiliary – Verbs
Marginal Modal Auxiliary Verbs are the verbs that work like an auxiliary as well as a main verb.
There are three Marginal Modal Auxiliary Verbs
Dare, Need, Used to
The Verb can be also classified as the following.
(i) Finite Verb
(ii) Non Finite Verb
Finite Verb
Finite Verbs are the verbs that change according to the Subject / Person and the Tense.
Non – Finite Verb
Non – Finite Verbs are the verbs that are not changed according to the Subject / Person and the Tense.
There are three kinds of Non–Finite Verb.
(i) Infinitive
(ii) Gerund
(iii) Participle